RNLI Float to Live 2

This study investigated whether the RNLI “Float to Live” guidance would enable inexperienced individuals to float in realistic open water conditions.

Inexperienced water users conducted floats in either still, open fresh or sea water , followed by moving sea or fresh water. Participants undertook three 2-minute floats in still water wearing swimwear and one clothed float: 1) naïve; 2) following RNLI “Float to live” messaging; 3) individual float coaching; 4) simulated fall wearing summer clothing. In moving sea water, participants undertook two floats equivalent to Float 3 and 4. In moving fresh water, participants undertook three floats: 1) naïve; 2) following “defensive floating” coaching; 3) simulated fall wearing summer clothing. Floating difficulty and confidence were recorded before and after each float; floating competence, perceived exertion, floating “efficiency” and instructions were recorded during each float.

In both fresh water and sea water, participants’ floating competence and confidence increased after viewing the RNLI messaging and was further improved with individualised float coaching. The additional instructions included: “head back with ears submerged”; “relax”; “it is OK if your legs sink”; an accurate description of sculling for “active” floaters. The simulated fall with clothing did not impair floating competence.
In conclusion, the RNLI float advice can be applied in realistic open water settings by less experienced water users. Additional content could be included to make the messaging even more effective.

•Inexperienced water users can float in realistic open water conditions
•Floating competence improves with practice and instruction
•A simulated fall into water wearing clothing does not impair floating competence
•Individuals with lower body fat will need to do more to float (“active” floating)
•As a result of this study, “tilt your head back with ears submerged”, “relax and move your hands to help you stay afloat” and an image of an individual floating in a more vertical position have now been incorporated into the new RNLI “Float to Live” messaging