A stakeholder‑informed framework for the sustainable management of coastal lagoons in West Africa

Coastal lagoons are highly susceptible to the impacts of climate change. In lagoons of the Global South development challenges and growing coastal populations compound climate stressors to create complex inter-connected problems that cross social, economic and environmental boundaries. The successful governance of lagoons thus requires multidimensional approaches that combine disciplines and incorporate multiple knowledges. A stakeholder informed management framework was developed for West African lagoons using a transdisciplinary and participatory approach. A network of researchers from across the region, collectively known as the Resilient Lagoon Network, facilitated participatory platforms for stakeholders to share their experiences of the stressors facing lagoons and their management. Participants were from academia, government organisations, NGOs, traditional authorities and coastal lagoon communities. The information acquired enabled an understanding and relative importance of the challenges facing lagoons as well as what constituted good management practice and an appreciation for the breadth of lagoon stakeholders. From this information a framework was created comprising three strands that outlined the “what, how and who” of sustainable lagoon management. The “what” consists of a series of social, economic, environmental and governance indicators, linked to the sustainable development goals, that provide a checklist for lagoon sustainability. The “how” outlines tenets of good governance with an emphasis on equity, participation, cooperation and open communication. The “who” maps the range of possible lagoon stakeholders. The framework has been sense tested with lagoon practitioners and made available across the region. Although based on the experience of West African lagoon stakeholders, it could be used to inform the management of lagoons across the Global South.