@article{547c6e411b8c406992920b6c28d546f3,
title = "Anthropogenic signatures of lead in the Northeast Atlantic",
abstract = "Anthropogenic activities have resulted in enhanced lead (Pb) emissions to the environment over the past century, mainly through the combustion of leaded gasoline. Here we present the first combined dissolved (DPb), labile (LpPb), and particulate (PPb) Pb data set from the Northeast Atlantic (Celtic Sea) since the phasing out of leaded gasoline in Europe. Concentrations of DPb in surface waters have decreased by fourfold over the last four decades. We demonstrate that anthropogenic Pb is transported from the Mediterranean Sea over long distances (>2,500 km). Benthic DPb fluxes exceeded the atmospheric Pb flux in the region, indicating the importance of sediments as a contemporary Pb source. A strong positive correlation between DPb, PPb, and LpPb indicates a dynamic equilibrium between the phases and the potential for particles to “buffer” the DPb pool. This study provides insights into Pb biogeochemical cycling and demonstrates the potential of Pb in constraining ocean circulation patterns.",
keywords = "Celtic Sea, lead, MOW, particles, sediments, trace metals, UKRI, NERC, NE/K001973/1, NE/K001779/1, NE/K002023/1, NE/L501840/1",
author = "D. Rusiecka and M. Gledhill and A. Milne and Achterberg, {E. P.} and Annett, {A. L.} and S. Atkinson and A. Birchill and J. Karstensen and M. Lohan and C. Mariez and R. Middag and Rolison, {J. M.} and T. Tanhua and S. Ussher and D. Connelly",
note = "Funding Information: This project was funded by the UK Natural Environment Research Council (NE/K001973/1 (E. A. and M. G.), NE/K001779/1 (M. L.), NE/K002023/1 (A. A.), and NE/L501840/1 (A. B.)). The authors declare no competing financial interests. The authors thank the captain and crew of RRS Discovery for their assistance during research expeditions and Malcolm Woodward and Carolyn Harrys for the macronutrient data. We thank Insa Rapp for the training in the sample analysis and Alex Zavarsky for the help with the Matlab scripts and Cheryl Zurbrick and Ed Boyle for the GA01 section data set and their contribution to IDP 2017. The GA04 cruises were funded by the Netherlands Organization for Scientific Research (882.01.015). Analysis was funded by the University of Otago and the Royal Netherlands Institute for Sea Research. Data have been submitted to BODC. Publisher Copyright: {\textcopyright}2018. The Authors.",
year = "2018",
month = mar,
day = "28",
doi = "10.1002/2017GL076825",
language = "English",
volume = "45",
pages = "2734--2743",
journal = "Geophysical Research Letters",
issn = "0094-8276",
publisher = "American Geophysical Union",
number = "6",
}