TY - JOUR
T1 - Brightest cluster galaxy formation in the z = 4.3 protocluster SPT2349-56
T2 - Discovery of a radio-loud active galactic nucleus
AU - Chapman, Scott C.
AU - Hill, Ryley
AU - Aravena, Manuel
AU - Archipley, Melanie
AU - Babul, Arif
AU - Burgoyne, James
AU - Canning, Rebecca E. A.
AU - Breuck, Carlos De
AU - Gonzalez, Anthony H.
AU - Hayward, Christopher C.
AU - Kim, Seon Woo
AU - Malkan, Matt
AU - Marrone, Dan P.
AU - McIntyre, Vincent
AU - Murphy, Eric
AU - Pass, Emily
AU - Perry, Ryan W.
AU - Phadke, Kedar A.
AU - Rennehan, Douglas
AU - Reuter, Cassie
AU - Rotermund, Kaja M.
AU - Scott, Douglas
AU - Seymour, Nick
AU - Solimano, Manuel
AU - Spilker, Justin
AU - Stark, Anthony A.
AU - Sulzenauer, Nikolaus
AU - Tothill, Nick
AU - Vieira, Joaquin D.
AU - Vizgan, David
AU - Wang, George
AU - Weiss, Axel
PY - 2024/1/18
Y1 - 2024/1/18
N2 - We have observed the z = 4.3 protocluster SPT2349−56 with the Australia Telescope Compact Array (ATCA) with the aim of detecting radio-loud active galactic nuclei (AGNs) among the ∼30 submillimeter (submm) galaxies (SMGs) identified in the structure. We detect the central complex of submm sources at 2.2 GHz with a luminosity of L2.2 = (4.42 ± 0.56) × 1025 W Hz−1. MeerKAT and the Australian Square Kilometre Array Pathfinder also detect the source at 816 MHz and 888 MHz, respectively, constraining the radio spectral index to α = −1.45 ± 0.16, implying L1.4,rest = (2.2 ± 0.2) × 1026 W Hz−1. The radio observations do not have sufficient spatial resolution to uniquely identify one of the three Atacama Large Millimeter/submillimeter Array (ALMA) galaxies as the AGN, however the ALMA source properties themselves suggest a likely host. This radio luminosity is ∼100× higher than expected from star formation, assuming the usual far-infrared–radio correlation, indicating an AGN driven by a forming brightest cluster galaxy. None of the SMGs in SPT2349−56 show signs of AGNs in any other diagnostics available to us, highlighting the radio continuum as a powerful probe of obscured AGNs. We compare these results to field samples of radio sources and SMGs, along with the 22 gravitationally lensed SPT-SMGs also observed in the ATCA program, as well as powerful radio galaxies at high redshifts. The (3.3 ± 0.7) × 1038 W of power from the radio-loud AGN sustained over 100 Myr is comparable to the binding energy of the gas mass of the central halo, and similar to the instantaneous energy injection from supernova feedback from the SMGs in the core region. The SPT2349−56 radio-loud AGNs may be providing strong feedback on a nascent intracluster medium.
AB - We have observed the z = 4.3 protocluster SPT2349−56 with the Australia Telescope Compact Array (ATCA) with the aim of detecting radio-loud active galactic nuclei (AGNs) among the ∼30 submillimeter (submm) galaxies (SMGs) identified in the structure. We detect the central complex of submm sources at 2.2 GHz with a luminosity of L2.2 = (4.42 ± 0.56) × 1025 W Hz−1. MeerKAT and the Australian Square Kilometre Array Pathfinder also detect the source at 816 MHz and 888 MHz, respectively, constraining the radio spectral index to α = −1.45 ± 0.16, implying L1.4,rest = (2.2 ± 0.2) × 1026 W Hz−1. The radio observations do not have sufficient spatial resolution to uniquely identify one of the three Atacama Large Millimeter/submillimeter Array (ALMA) galaxies as the AGN, however the ALMA source properties themselves suggest a likely host. This radio luminosity is ∼100× higher than expected from star formation, assuming the usual far-infrared–radio correlation, indicating an AGN driven by a forming brightest cluster galaxy. None of the SMGs in SPT2349−56 show signs of AGNs in any other diagnostics available to us, highlighting the radio continuum as a powerful probe of obscured AGNs. We compare these results to field samples of radio sources and SMGs, along with the 22 gravitationally lensed SPT-SMGs also observed in the ATCA program, as well as powerful radio galaxies at high redshifts. The (3.3 ± 0.7) × 1038 W of power from the radio-loud AGN sustained over 100 Myr is comparable to the binding energy of the gas mass of the central halo, and similar to the instantaneous energy injection from supernova feedback from the SMGs in the core region. The SPT2349−56 radio-loud AGNs may be providing strong feedback on a nascent intracluster medium.
KW - galaxy clusters
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85182755129&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.3847/1538-4357/ad0b77
DO - 10.3847/1538-4357/ad0b77
M3 - Article
AN - SCOPUS:85182755129
SN - 0004-637X
VL - 961
JO - Astrophysical Journal
JF - Astrophysical Journal
IS - 1
M1 - 120
ER -