Design and parameters of home made sample holders enabling the alignment, rotations, heating and cooling of the samples in ultra-high vacuum

Design and parameters of three home made sample ultra-high vacuum holders are described. Namely: the holder enabling the alignment of a sample in front of an electron energy analyser, the heating up to about 900 K, and cooling down to 80 K with LN₂ placed in a container pumped down to about 100 Torr, the holder enabling the alignment of a sample in front of an electron energy analyser, its ratations around the axis prependicular to its surface and around the axis parallel to this surface, the heating up to 1000 K, and cooling down to 190 K with the use of LN₂; the holder enabling the alignment of a sample in front of an electron energy analyser, its rotations around three axes (one of them is perpedicular to the sample surface, one is paralel to this surface, and one is perpedicular to the analyser axisaaa0 and the heating up to 1200 K. In all holders, the sample is heated with the use of a resistive heater (with thermal radiation and with electron bombardment as well). The sample is electrically isolated up to the voltage as high as 1000 V.