TY - JOUR
T1 - Ecosystem services provided by a non-cultured shellfish species
T2 - The common cockle Cerastoderma edule
AU - Carss, David N.
AU - Brito, Ana C.
AU - Chainho, Paula
AU - Ciutat, Aurélie
AU - de Montaudouin, Xavier
AU - Fernández Otero, Rosa M.
AU - Filgueira, Mónica Incera
AU - Garbutt, Angus
AU - Goedknegt, M. Anouk
AU - Lynch, Sharon A.
AU - Mahony, Kate E.
AU - Maire, Olivier
AU - Malham, Shelagh K.
AU - Orvain, Francis
AU - van der Schatte Olivier, Andrew
AU - Jones, Laurence
N1 - Funding Information:
The research leading to this work was co-financed and supported by funding from the European Union - Interreg Atlantic Area Programme through the European Regional Development Fund (ERDF) for the project ?Co-Operation for Restoring CocKle SheLLfisheries and its Ecosystem Services in the Atlantic Area? (COCKLES, EAPA_458/2016), www.cockles-project.eu. The authors would like to thank the COCKLES consortium, including full partners and associated partners, for providing invaluable support in project meetings. David Iglesias (CIMAR) offered helpful comments on the initial structure of this paper. Ana C. Brito was funded by Funda??o para a Ci?ncia e a Tecnologia Scientific Employment Stimulus Programme (CEECIND/00095/2017). This study also received further support from Funda??o para a Ci?ncia e a Tecnologia, through the strategic project (UID/MAR/04292/2013) granted to MARE. This study was partly supported by a NERC/ESRC/AHRC funded grant, Award Number: NE/NO13573/1. Andrew van der Schatte Olivier was funded by Knowledge Economy Skills Scholarships (KESS 2), a pan-Wales higher level skills initiative led by Bangor University on behalf of the HE sector in Wales. It is part funded by the Welsh Government's European Social Fund (ESF) convergence programme for West Wales and the Valleys with additional support from Deepdock Ltd.
Funding Information:
The research leading to this work was co-financed and supported by funding from the European Union - Interreg Atlantic Area Programme through the European Regional Development Fund (ERDF) for the project ‘Co-Operation for Restoring CocKle SheLLfisheries and its Ecosystem Services in the Atlantic Area’ (COCKLES, EAPA_458/2016), www.cockles-project.eu . The authors would like to thank the COCKLES consortium, including full partners and associated partners, for providing invaluable support in project meetings. David Iglesias (CIMAR) offered helpful comments on the initial structure of this paper. Ana C. Brito was funded by Fundação para a Ciência e a Tecnologia Scientific Employment Stimulus Programme ( CEECIND/00095/2017 ). This study also received further support from Fundação para a Ciência e a Tecnologia , through the strategic project ( UID/MAR/04292/2013) granted to MARE. This study was partly supported by a NERC / ESRC / AHRC funded grant, Award Number: NE/NO13573/1 . Andrew van der Schatte Olivier was funded by Knowledge Economy Skills Scholarships (KESS 2), a pan-Wales higher level skills initiative led by Bangor University on behalf of the HE sector in Wales. It is part funded by the Welsh Government's European Social Fund (ESF) convergence programme for West Wales and the Valleys with additional support from Deepdock Ltd.
Funding Information:
The study was conducted through a series of workshops and virtual meetings with participants from the five countries. Participants were natural scientists, economists, NGOs, and representatives of regulatory bodies and cockle fisheries. These meetings were part of the EU's Interreg Atlantic Area Programme, under the project ‘Co-operation for restoring cockle shellfisheries and its ecosystem services in the Atlantic Area’ (COCKLES, EAPA_458/2016), co-funded through the European Regional Development Fund (ERDF). Through these meetings and subsequent work we synthesised primary and published data that quantify the supporting, provisioning, regulating and cultural services, to allow upscaling and valuation of the services provided. The aim of this exercise was not to undertake a systematic review focused on a single topic. That would be both inappropriate and unfeasible for such a wide-ranging study. Neither was the aim to create an exhaustive literature review of the biology and ecological functions associated with the common cockle. Instead the aim was to summarise key evidence which describes the ecosystem services provided by cockles, in discussion with experts from multiple disciplines among five European countries. Evidence was collated from the scientific literature from databases including web of knowledge and Google Scholar, and from grey literature. Search terms included different scientific and vernacular names for cockle and synonyms for the functions and services they perform. From the studies identified through literature searches we selected those which allowed quantification of the function, giving greater emphasis to review studies and to field studies over laboratory studies. For cultural services, evidence was primarily derived in workshop settings and in follow-up activities with in-country teams. Numerous examples of cultural ecosystem services were collated, but it was difficult to quantify these and they were not valued due to recognised challenges in quantifying these services. The Common International Classification of Ecosystem Services (CICES v5.1) provides the structural basis for the quantification and analysis of final ecosystem services in this study ( Haines-Young and Potschin, 2018 ). Final services are components of nature, directly enjoyed, consumed, or used to yield human well-being ( Boyd and Banzhaf, 2007 ), as distinct from intermediate services which are broadly equivalent to the ecological functions or processes which underpin the final services. We supplement the CICES descriptions with synonymous descriptions to aid understanding where necessary, especially for supporting services which are not featured in CICES.
Publisher Copyright:
© 2020 The Authors
PY - 2020/6
Y1 - 2020/6
N2 - Coastal habitats provide many important ecosystem services. The substantial role of shellfish in delivering ecosystem services is increasingly recognised, usually with a focus on cultured species, but wild-harvested bivalve species have largely been ignored. This study aimed to collate evidence and data to demonstrate the substantial role played by Europe's main wild-harvested bivalve species, the common cockle Cerastoderma edule, and to assess the ecosystem services that cockles provide. Data and information are synthesised from five countries along the Atlantic European coast with a long history of cockle fisheries. The cockle helps to modify habitat and support biodiversity, and plays a key role in the supporting services on which many of the other services depend. As well as providing food for people, cockles remove nitrogen, phosphorus and carbon from the marine environment, and have a strong cultural influence in these countries along the Atlantic coast. Preliminary economic valuation of some of these services in a European context is provided, and key knowledge gaps identified. It is concluded that the cockle has the potential to become (i) an important focus of conservation and improved sustainable management practices in coastal areas and communities, and (ii) a suitable model species to study the integration of cultural ecosystem services within the broader application of ‘ecosystem services’.
AB - Coastal habitats provide many important ecosystem services. The substantial role of shellfish in delivering ecosystem services is increasingly recognised, usually with a focus on cultured species, but wild-harvested bivalve species have largely been ignored. This study aimed to collate evidence and data to demonstrate the substantial role played by Europe's main wild-harvested bivalve species, the common cockle Cerastoderma edule, and to assess the ecosystem services that cockles provide. Data and information are synthesised from five countries along the Atlantic European coast with a long history of cockle fisheries. The cockle helps to modify habitat and support biodiversity, and plays a key role in the supporting services on which many of the other services depend. As well as providing food for people, cockles remove nitrogen, phosphorus and carbon from the marine environment, and have a strong cultural influence in these countries along the Atlantic coast. Preliminary economic valuation of some of these services in a European context is provided, and key knowledge gaps identified. It is concluded that the cockle has the potential to become (i) an important focus of conservation and improved sustainable management practices in coastal areas and communities, and (ii) a suitable model species to study the integration of cultural ecosystem services within the broader application of ‘ecosystem services’.
KW - Bivalve
KW - Carbon sequestration
KW - Cultural services
KW - Ecosystem engineer
KW - European coastal biodiversity management
KW - Nutrient removal
KW - UKRI
KW - NERC
KW - ESRC
KW - AHRC
KW - NE/NO13573/1
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85082874784&partnerID=8YFLogxK
UR - https://research.bangor.ac.uk/portal/
U2 - 10.1016/j.marenvres.2020.104931
DO - 10.1016/j.marenvres.2020.104931
M3 - Article
C2 - 32501263
AN - SCOPUS:85082874784
VL - 158
JO - Marine Environmental Research
JF - Marine Environmental Research
SN - 0141-1136
M1 - 104931
ER -