TY - JOUR
T1 - Experimental investigation of immiscible supercritical carbon dioxide foam rheology for improved oil recovery
AU - Ahmed, Shehzad
AU - Elraies, Khaled Abdalla
AU - Forooozesh, Jalal
AU - Bt Mohd Shafian, Siti Rohaida
AU - Hashmet, Muhammad Rehan
AU - Hsia, Ivy Chai Ching
AU - Almansour, Abdullah
N1 - Funding Information:
Authors greatly appreciate the financial support by Un-iversiti Teknologi PETRONAS (No. YUTP-0153AA-E70). This work has been done in the laboratory of PETRONAS Research Sdn Bhd which is highly acknowledged. AkzoNobel, Stepan, Shell and Evonik Industries are also deeply acknowledged for supplying chemicals. The final publication is available at Springer via https://doi.org/10.1007/s12583-017-0803-z.
Publisher Copyright:
© 2017, China University of Geosciences and Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany.
PY - 2017/10/31
Y1 - 2017/10/31
N2 - This paper presents the rheological behaviour of supercritical CO2 (sCO2) foam at reservoir conditions of 1 500 psi and 80 °C. Different commercial surfactants were screened and utilized in order to generate a fairly stable CO2 foam. Mixed surfactant system was also introduced to generate strong foam. Foam rheology was studied for some specific foam qualities using a high pressure high temperature (HPHT) foam loop rheometer. A typical shear thinning behaviour of the foam was observed and a significant increase in the foam viscosity was noticed with the increase of foam quality until 85%. A desired high apparent viscosity with coarse texture was found at 85% foam quality. Foam visualization above 85% showed an unstable foam due to extremely thin lamella which collapsed and totally disappeared in the loop rheometer. Below 52%, a non-homogenous and unstable foam was found having low viscosity with some liquid accumulation at the bottom of the circulation loop. This research has demonstrated rheology of sCO2 foams at different qualities at HPHT to obtain optimal foam quality region for immiscible CO2 foam co-injection process.
AB - This paper presents the rheological behaviour of supercritical CO2 (sCO2) foam at reservoir conditions of 1 500 psi and 80 °C. Different commercial surfactants were screened and utilized in order to generate a fairly stable CO2 foam. Mixed surfactant system was also introduced to generate strong foam. Foam rheology was studied for some specific foam qualities using a high pressure high temperature (HPHT) foam loop rheometer. A typical shear thinning behaviour of the foam was observed and a significant increase in the foam viscosity was noticed with the increase of foam quality until 85%. A desired high apparent viscosity with coarse texture was found at 85% foam quality. Foam visualization above 85% showed an unstable foam due to extremely thin lamella which collapsed and totally disappeared in the loop rheometer. Below 52%, a non-homogenous and unstable foam was found having low viscosity with some liquid accumulation at the bottom of the circulation loop. This research has demonstrated rheology of sCO2 foams at different qualities at HPHT to obtain optimal foam quality region for immiscible CO2 foam co-injection process.
KW - apparent viscosity
KW - foam quality
KW - foam stability
KW - supercritical CO foam
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85031495337&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1007/s12583-017-0803-z
DO - 10.1007/s12583-017-0803-z
M3 - Article
AN - SCOPUS:85031495337
SN - 1674-487X
VL - 28
SP - 835
EP - 841
JO - Journal of Earth Science
JF - Journal of Earth Science
IS - 5
ER -