First cosmology results using type Ia supernovae from the Dark Energy Survey: the effect of host galaxy properties on supernova luminosity

DES Collaboration; C. Frohmaier; R. C. Nichol; D. Thomas

doi:10.1093/mnras/staa946

First cosmology results using type Ia supernovae from the Dark Energy Survey: the effect of host galaxy properties on supernova luminosity

DES Collaboration, C. Frohmaier, R. C. Nichol, D. Thomas

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Abstract

We present improved photometric measurements for the host galaxies of 206 spectroscopically confirmed type Ia supernovae discovered by the Dark Energy Survey Supernova Program (DES-SN) and used in the first DES-SN cosmological analysis. For the DES-SN sample, when considering a 5D (z, x₁, c, α, β) bias correction, we find evidence of a Hubble residual ‘mass step’, where SNe Ia in high-mass galaxies (>1010M_⊙) are intrinsically more luminous (after correction) than their low-mass counterparts by γ=0.040±0.019γ=0.040±0.019 mag. This value is larger by 0.031 mag than the value found in the first DES-SN cosmological analysis. This difference is due to a combination of updated photometric measurements and improved star formation histories and is not from host-galaxy misidentification. When using a 1D (redshift-only) bias correction the inferred mass step is larger, with γ=0.066±0.020γ=0.066±0.020 mag. The 1D−5D γ difference for DES-SN is 0.026±0.0090.026±0.009 mag. We show that this difference is due to a strong correlation between host galaxy stellar mass and the x₁ component of the 5D distance-bias correction. Including an intrinsic correlation between the observed properties of SNe Ia, stretch and colour, and stellar mass in simulated SN Ia samples, we show that a 5D fit recovers γ with −9 mmag bias compared to a +2 mmag bias for a 1D fit. This difference can explain part of the discrepancy seen in the data. Improvements in modelling correlations between galaxy properties and SN is necessary to ensure unbiased precision estimates of the dark energy equation of state as we enter the era of LSST.

Original language	English
Pages (from-to)	4426–4447
Journal	Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society
Volume	494
Issue number	3
Early online date	13 Apr 2020
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1093/mnras/staa946
Publication status	Published - 1 May 2020

Keywords

astro-ph.CO
astro-ph.GA
RCUK
STFC

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10.1093/mnras/staa946

First cosmology results using type Ia supernovae
This article has been accepted for publication in Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society ©: 2020 The Authors. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of the Royal Astronomical Society. All rights reserved.
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Data availability statement for 'First cosmology results using type Ia supernovae from the Dark Energy Survey: the effect of host galaxy properties on supernova luminosity'.
Frohmaier, C. (Creator), Nichol, B. (Creator) & Thomas, D. (Creator), Oxford University Press, 13 Apr 2020
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@article{256c0b13588f44ae9c5d55848d001a5c,

title = "First cosmology results using type Ia supernovae from the Dark Energy Survey: the effect of host galaxy properties on supernova luminosity",

abstract = "We present improved photometric measurements for the host galaxies of 206 spectroscopically confirmed type Ia supernovae discovered by the Dark Energy Survey Supernova Program (DES-SN) and used in the first DES-SN cosmological analysis. For the DES-SN sample, when considering a 5D (z, x1, c, α, β) bias correction, we find evidence of a Hubble residual {\textquoteleft}mass step{\textquoteright}, where SNe Ia in high-mass galaxies (>1010M⊙) are intrinsically more luminous (after correction) than their low-mass counterparts by γ=0.040±0.019γ=0.040±0.019 mag. This value is larger by 0.031 mag than the value found in the first DES-SN cosmological analysis. This difference is due to a combination of updated photometric measurements and improved star formation histories and is not from host-galaxy misidentification. When using a 1D (redshift-only) bias correction the inferred mass step is larger, with γ=0.066±0.020γ=0.066±0.020 mag. The 1D−5D γ difference for DES-SN is 0.026±0.0090.026±0.009 mag. We show that this difference is due to a strong correlation between host galaxy stellar mass and the x1 component of the 5D distance-bias correction. Including an intrinsic correlation between the observed properties of SNe Ia, stretch and colour, and stellar mass in simulated SN Ia samples, we show that a 5D fit recovers γ with −9 mmag bias compared to a +2 mmag bias for a 1D fit. This difference can explain part of the discrepancy seen in the data. Improvements in modelling correlations between galaxy properties and SN is necessary to ensure unbiased precision estimates of the dark energy equation of state as we enter the era of LSST.",

keywords = "astro-ph.CO, astro-ph.GA, RCUK, STFC",

author = "{DES Collaboration} and M. Smith and M. Sullivan and P. Wiseman and R. Kessler and D. Scolnic and D. Brout and D'Andrea, {C. B.} and Davis, {T. M.} and Foley, {R. J.} and C. Frohmaier and L. Galbany and Gupta, {R. R.} and Guti{\'e}rrez, {C. P.} and Hinton, {S. R.} and L. Kelsey and C. Lidman and E. Macaulay and A. M{\"o}ller and Nichol, {R. C.} and P. Nugent and A. Palmese and M. Pursiainen and M. Sako and Tucker, {B. E.} and D. Carollo and Sommer, {N. E.} and Abbott, {T. M. C.} and M. Aguena and S. Allam and E. Bertin and S. Bhargava and D. Brooks and E. Buckley-Geer and Burke, {D. L.} and Rosell, {A. Carnero} and Kind, {M. Carrasco} and M. Costanzi and Costa, {L. N. da} and Vicente, {J. De} and S. Desai and Diehl, {H. T.} and P. Doel and Eifler, {T. F.} and S. Everett and B. Flaugher and P. Fosalba and J. Frieman and J. Garc{\'i}a-Bellido and E. Gaztanaga and D. Thomas",

note = "27 pages, 13 figures; Submitted to MNRAS",

year = "2020",

month = may,

day = "1",

doi = "10.1093/mnras/staa946",

language = "English",

volume = "494",

pages = "4426–4447",

journal = "Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society",

issn = "0035-8711",

publisher = "Oxford University Press",

number = "3",

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TY - JOUR

T1 - First cosmology results using type Ia supernovae from the Dark Energy Survey

T2 - the effect of host galaxy properties on supernova luminosity

AU - DES Collaboration

AU - Smith, M.

AU - Sullivan, M.

AU - Wiseman, P.

AU - Kessler, R.

AU - Scolnic, D.

AU - Brout, D.

AU - D'Andrea, C. B.

AU - Davis, T. M.

AU - Foley, R. J.

AU - Frohmaier, C.

AU - Galbany, L.

AU - Gupta, R. R.

AU - Gutiérrez, C. P.

AU - Hinton, S. R.

AU - Kelsey, L.

AU - Lidman, C.

AU - Macaulay, E.

AU - Möller, A.

AU - Nichol, R. C.

AU - Nugent, P.

AU - Palmese, A.

AU - Pursiainen, M.

AU - Sako, M.

AU - Tucker, B. E.

AU - Carollo, D.

AU - Sommer, N. E.

AU - Abbott, T. M. C.

AU - Aguena, M.

AU - Allam, S.

AU - Bertin, E.

AU - Bhargava, S.

AU - Brooks, D.

AU - Buckley-Geer, E.

AU - Burke, D. L.

AU - Rosell, A. Carnero

AU - Kind, M. Carrasco

AU - Costanzi, M.

AU - Costa, L. N. da

AU - Vicente, J. De

AU - Desai, S.

AU - Diehl, H. T.

AU - Doel, P.

AU - Eifler, T. F.

AU - Everett, S.

AU - Flaugher, B.

AU - Fosalba, P.

AU - Frieman, J.

AU - García-Bellido, J.

AU - Gaztanaga, E.

AU - Thomas, D.

N1 - 27 pages, 13 figures; Submitted to MNRAS

PY - 2020/5/1

Y1 - 2020/5/1

N2 - We present improved photometric measurements for the host galaxies of 206 spectroscopically confirmed type Ia supernovae discovered by the Dark Energy Survey Supernova Program (DES-SN) and used in the first DES-SN cosmological analysis. For the DES-SN sample, when considering a 5D (z, x1, c, α, β) bias correction, we find evidence of a Hubble residual ‘mass step’, where SNe Ia in high-mass galaxies (>1010M⊙) are intrinsically more luminous (after correction) than their low-mass counterparts by γ=0.040±0.019γ=0.040±0.019 mag. This value is larger by 0.031 mag than the value found in the first DES-SN cosmological analysis. This difference is due to a combination of updated photometric measurements and improved star formation histories and is not from host-galaxy misidentification. When using a 1D (redshift-only) bias correction the inferred mass step is larger, with γ=0.066±0.020γ=0.066±0.020 mag. The 1D−5D γ difference for DES-SN is 0.026±0.0090.026±0.009 mag. We show that this difference is due to a strong correlation between host galaxy stellar mass and the x1 component of the 5D distance-bias correction. Including an intrinsic correlation between the observed properties of SNe Ia, stretch and colour, and stellar mass in simulated SN Ia samples, we show that a 5D fit recovers γ with −9 mmag bias compared to a +2 mmag bias for a 1D fit. This difference can explain part of the discrepancy seen in the data. Improvements in modelling correlations between galaxy properties and SN is necessary to ensure unbiased precision estimates of the dark energy equation of state as we enter the era of LSST.

AB - We present improved photometric measurements for the host galaxies of 206 spectroscopically confirmed type Ia supernovae discovered by the Dark Energy Survey Supernova Program (DES-SN) and used in the first DES-SN cosmological analysis. For the DES-SN sample, when considering a 5D (z, x1, c, α, β) bias correction, we find evidence of a Hubble residual ‘mass step’, where SNe Ia in high-mass galaxies (>1010M⊙) are intrinsically more luminous (after correction) than their low-mass counterparts by γ=0.040±0.019γ=0.040±0.019 mag. This value is larger by 0.031 mag than the value found in the first DES-SN cosmological analysis. This difference is due to a combination of updated photometric measurements and improved star formation histories and is not from host-galaxy misidentification. When using a 1D (redshift-only) bias correction the inferred mass step is larger, with γ=0.066±0.020γ=0.066±0.020 mag. The 1D−5D γ difference for DES-SN is 0.026±0.0090.026±0.009 mag. We show that this difference is due to a strong correlation between host galaxy stellar mass and the x1 component of the 5D distance-bias correction. Including an intrinsic correlation between the observed properties of SNe Ia, stretch and colour, and stellar mass in simulated SN Ia samples, we show that a 5D fit recovers γ with −9 mmag bias compared to a +2 mmag bias for a 1D fit. This difference can explain part of the discrepancy seen in the data. Improvements in modelling correlations between galaxy properties and SN is necessary to ensure unbiased precision estimates of the dark energy equation of state as we enter the era of LSST.

KW - astro-ph.CO

KW - astro-ph.GA

KW - RCUK

KW - STFC

U2 - 10.1093/mnras/staa946

DO - 10.1093/mnras/staa946

M3 - Article

SN - 0035-8711

VL - 494

SP - 4426

EP - 4447

JO - Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society

JF - Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society

IS - 3

ER -

First cosmology results using type Ia supernovae from the Dark Energy Survey: the effect of host galaxy properties on supernova luminosity

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Data availability statement for 'First cosmology results using type Ia supernovae from the Dark Energy Survey: the effect of host galaxy properties on supernova luminosity'.

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