TY - JOUR
T1 - How the Big Bang ends up inside a black hole
AU - Gaztanaga, Enrique
N1 - Publisher Copyright:
© 2022 by the author. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland.
PY - 2022/4/21
Y1 - 2022/4/21
N2 - The standard model of cosmology assumes that our Universe began 14 Gyrs (billion years) ago from a singular Big Bang creation. This can explain a vast range of different astrophysical data from a handful of free cosmological parameters. However, we have no direct evidence or fundamental understanding of some key assumptions: Inflation, Dark Matter and Dark Energy. Here we review the idea that cosmic expansion originates instead from gravitational collapse and bounce. The collapse generates a Black Hole (BH) of mass M ≃ 5 × 1022 M⊙ that formed 25 Gyrs ago. As there is no pressure support, the cold collapse can continue inside in free fall until it reaches atomic nuclear saturation (GeV), when is halted by Quantum Mechanics, as two particles cannot occupy the same quantum state. The collapse then bounces like a core-collapse supernovae, producing the Big Bang expansion. Cosmic acceleration results from the BH event horizon. During collapse, perturbations exit the horizon to re-enter during expansion, giving rise to the observed universe without the need for Inflation or Dark Energy. Using Ockham´s razor, this makes the BH Universe (BHU) model more compelling than the standard singular Big Bang creation.
AB - The standard model of cosmology assumes that our Universe began 14 Gyrs (billion years) ago from a singular Big Bang creation. This can explain a vast range of different astrophysical data from a handful of free cosmological parameters. However, we have no direct evidence or fundamental understanding of some key assumptions: Inflation, Dark Matter and Dark Energy. Here we review the idea that cosmic expansion originates instead from gravitational collapse and bounce. The collapse generates a Black Hole (BH) of mass M ≃ 5 × 1022 M⊙ that formed 25 Gyrs ago. As there is no pressure support, the cold collapse can continue inside in free fall until it reaches atomic nuclear saturation (GeV), when is halted by Quantum Mechanics, as two particles cannot occupy the same quantum state. The collapse then bounces like a core-collapse supernovae, producing the Big Bang expansion. Cosmic acceleration results from the BH event horizon. During collapse, perturbations exit the horizon to re-enter during expansion, giving rise to the observed universe without the need for Inflation or Dark Energy. Using Ockham´s razor, this makes the BH Universe (BHU) model more compelling than the standard singular Big Bang creation.
KW - black holes
KW - cosmology
KW - dark energy
KW - general relativity
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85128531445&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.3390/universe8050257
DO - 10.3390/universe8050257
M3 - Article
AN - SCOPUS:85128531445
SN - 2218-1997
VL - 8
JO - Universe
JF - Universe
IS - 5
M1 - 257
ER -