Information theory of non-equilibrium states

The Shannon's information theory of equilibrium states has already underpinned fundamental progress in a diverse range of subjects such as computing, cryptography, telecommunications, physiology, linguistics, biochemical signaling, mathematics and physics. Here we undertake a brief examination of the concept of information theory of non-equilibrium states. The fundamental approach proposed here has the potential to enable new applications, research methods and long-term innovations, including the principle of extracting digital information from non-equilibrium states and the development of predictive protocols of mutation dynamics in genome sequences.