Leagile and sustainable supplier selection problem in the Industry 4.0 era: a case study of the medical devices using hybrid multi-criteria decision making tool

Given the crucial role of the supplier selection problem (SSP) in today’s competitive business environment, the present study investigates the SSP by considering the leagile, sustainability, and Industry 4.0 (I4.0) indicators for the medical devices industry (MDI). In this regard, at the outset, the list of criteria and sub-criteria is provided based on the literature and experts’ opinions. Then, the importance of the indicators is measured utilizing the rough best–worst method (RBWM). In the next step, the potential suppliers are ranked employing the multi-attributive border approximation area comparison (IR-MABAC) method. Due to the crucial role of medical devices during the COVID-19 outbreak, the present work selects a project-based organization in this industry as a case study. The obtained results show that agility and sustainability are the most important criteria, and manufacturing flexibility, cost, reliability, smart factory …