TY - JOUR
T1 - Phenotypic integration in style dimorphic daffodils (Narcissus, Amaryllidaceae) with different pollinators
AU - Perez-barrales, R.
AU - Simon-porcar, V. I.
AU - Santos-gally, R.
AU - Arroyo, J.
N1 - This work was supported by funds from the Spanish Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovación (grant nos. CGL-2006–13847-C02–01 and CGL-2009 12565) and PAIDI (Andalousian regional government grant no. P09-RNM-5280). R.P-B. was supported by a Juan de la Cierva grant from the Spanish Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovación.
PY - 2014/7/7
Y1 - 2014/7/7
N2 - Different pollinators can exert different selective pressures on floral traits, depending on how they fit with flowers, which should be reflected in the patterns of variation and covariation of traits. Surprisingly, empirical evidence in support of this view is scarce. Here, we have studied whether the variation observed in floral phenotypic integration and covariation of traits in Narcissus species is associated with different groups of pollinators. Phenotypic integration was studied in two style dimorphic species, both with dimorphic populations mostly visited by long-tongued pollinators (close fit with flowers), and monomorphic populations visited by short-tongued insects (loose fit). For N. papyraceus, the patterns of variation and correlation among traits involved in different functions (attraction and fit with pollinators, transfer of pollen) were compared within and between population types. The genetic diversity of populations was also studied to control for possible effects on phenotypic variation. In both species, populations with long-tongued pollinators displayed greater phenotypic integration than those with short-tongued pollinators. Also, the correlations among traits involved in the same function were stronger than across functions. Furthermore, traits involved in the transfer of pollen were consistently more correlated and less variable than traits involved in the attraction of insects, and these differences were larger in dimorphic than monomorphic populations. In addition, population genetic parameters did not correlate with phenotypic integration or variation. Altogether, our results support current views of the role of pollinators in the evolution of floral integration.
AB - Different pollinators can exert different selective pressures on floral traits, depending on how they fit with flowers, which should be reflected in the patterns of variation and covariation of traits. Surprisingly, empirical evidence in support of this view is scarce. Here, we have studied whether the variation observed in floral phenotypic integration and covariation of traits in Narcissus species is associated with different groups of pollinators. Phenotypic integration was studied in two style dimorphic species, both with dimorphic populations mostly visited by long-tongued pollinators (close fit with flowers), and monomorphic populations visited by short-tongued insects (loose fit). For N. papyraceus, the patterns of variation and correlation among traits involved in different functions (attraction and fit with pollinators, transfer of pollen) were compared within and between population types. The genetic diversity of populations was also studied to control for possible effects on phenotypic variation. In both species, populations with long-tongued pollinators displayed greater phenotypic integration than those with short-tongued pollinators. Also, the correlations among traits involved in the same function were stronger than across functions. Furthermore, traits involved in the transfer of pollen were consistently more correlated and less variable than traits involved in the attraction of insects, and these differences were larger in dimorphic than monomorphic populations. In addition, population genetic parameters did not correlate with phenotypic integration or variation. Altogether, our results support current views of the role of pollinators in the evolution of floral integration.
U2 - 10.1098/rstb.2013.0258
DO - 10.1098/rstb.2013.0258
M3 - Article
SN - 0962-8436
VL - 369
JO - Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B
JF - Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B
IS - 1649
M1 - 20130258
ER -