Rates and delay times of Type Ia supernovae in the Dark Energy Survey

P. Wiseman; M. Sullivan; C. Frohmaier; M. Vincenzi; O. Graur; B. Popovic; P. Armstrong; D. Brout; T. M. Davis; L. Galbany; S. R. Hinton; L. Kelsey; R. Kessler; C. Lidman; A. Möller; R. C. Nichol; B. Rose; D. Scolnic; M. Toy; Z. Zontou; J. Asorey; D. Carollo; K. Glazebrook; B. E. Tucker; T. M. C. Abbott; M. Aguena; S. Allam; F. Andrade-Oliveira; J. Annis; D. Bacon; E. Bertin; D. Brooks; E. Buckley-Geer; D. L. Burke; A. Carnero Rosell; M. Carrasco Kind; J. Carretero; M. Costanzi; L. N. da Costa; M. E. S. Pereira; S. Desai; H. T. Diehl; P. Doel; S. Everett; I. Ferrero; B. Flaugher; P. Fosalba; J. Frieman; J. García-Bellido; E. Gaztanaga; T. Giannantonio; D. Gruen; R. A. Gruendl; J. Gschwend; G. Gutierrez; D. L. Hollowood; K. Honscheid; D. J. James; E. Krause; K. Kuehn; N. Kuropatkin; M. A. G. Maia; P. Martini; F. Menanteau; R. Miquel; R. L. C. Ogando; A. Palmese; F. Paz-Chinchón; D. Petravick; A. Pieres; A. A. Plazas Malagón; A. K. Romer; E. Sanchez; V. Scarpine; M. Schubnell; S. Serrano; I. Sevilla-Noarbe; M. Soares-Santos; E. Suchyta; M. E. C. Swanson; G. Tarle; D. Thomas; C. To; T. N. Varga

doi:10.1093/mnras/stab1943

Rates and delay times of Type Ia supernovae in the Dark Energy Survey

P. Wiseman, M. Sullivan, C. Frohmaier, M. Vincenzi, O. Graur, B. Popovic, P. Armstrong, D. Brout, T. M. Davis, L. Galbany, S. R. Hinton, L. Kelsey, R. Kessler, C. Lidman, A. Möller, R. C. Nichol, B. Rose, D. Scolnic, M. Toy, Z. ZontouJ. Asorey, D. Carollo, K. Glazebrook, B. E. Tucker, T. M. C. Abbott, M. Aguena, S. Allam, F. Andrade-Oliveira, J. Annis, D. Bacon, E. Bertin, D. Brooks, E. Buckley-Geer, D. L. Burke, A. Carnero Rosell, M. Carrasco Kind, J. Carretero, M. Costanzi, L. N. da Costa, M. E. S. Pereira, S. Desai, H. T. Diehl, P. Doel, S. Everett, I. Ferrero, B. Flaugher, P. Fosalba, J. Frieman, J. García-Bellido, E. Gaztanaga, T. Giannantonio, D. Gruen, R. A. Gruendl, J. Gschwend, G. Gutierrez, D. L. Hollowood, K. Honscheid, D. J. James, E. Krause, K. Kuehn, N. Kuropatkin, M. A. G. Maia, P. Martini, F. Menanteau, R. Miquel, R. L. C. Ogando, A. Palmese, F. Paz-Chinchón, D. Petravick, A. Pieres, A. A. Plazas Malagón, A. K. Romer, E. Sanchez, V. Scarpine, M. Schubnell, S. Serrano, I. Sevilla-Noarbe, M. Soares-Santos, E. Suchyta, M. E. C. Swanson, G. Tarle, D. Thomas, C. To, T. N. Varga

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Abstract

We use a sample of 809 photometrically classified Type Ia supernovae (SNe Ia) discovered by the Dark Energy Survey (DES) along with 40 415 field galaxies to calculate the rate of SNe Ia per galaxy in the redshift range 0.2 < z < 0.6. We recover the known correlation between SN Ia rate and galaxy stellar mass across a broad range of scales 8.5 ≤ log (M_*/M_⊙) ≤ 11.25. We find that the SN Ia rate increases with stellar mass as a power law with index 0.63 ± 0.02, which is consistent with the previous work. We use an empirical model of stellar mass assembly to estimate the average star formation histories (SFHs) of galaxies across the stellar mass range of our measurement. Combining the modelled SFHs with the SN Ia rates to estimate constraints on the SN Ia delay time distribution (DTD), we find that the data are fit well by a power-law DTD with slope index β = −1.13 ± 0.05 and normalization A = 2.11 ± 0.05 × 10⁻¹³ SNe M_⊙⁻¹ yr⁻¹, which corresponds to an overall SN Ia production efficiency N_Ia/M_∗=0.9 +4.0 −0.7 × 10⁻³ SNe M⁻¹_⊙N_Ia/M_∗= 0.9 −0.7+4.0×10⁻³ SNe M_⊙⁻¹⁠. Upon splitting the SN sample by properties of the light curves, we find a strong dependence on DTD slope with the SN decline rate, with slower-declining SNe exhibiting a steeper DTD slope. We interpret this as a result of a relationship between intrinsic luminosity and progenitor age, and explore the implications of the result in the context of SN Ia progenitors.

Original language	English
Pages (from-to)	3330–3348
Number of pages	19
Journal	Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society
Volume	506
Issue number	3
Early online date	9 Jul 2021
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1093/mnras/stab1943
Publication status	Published - 1 Sept 2021

Keywords

supernovae: general
white dwarfs
galaxies: evolution
UKRI
STFC
ST/R000506/1

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10.1093/mnras/stab1943

stab1943
This article has been accepted for publication in MNRAS ©: 2021 The Authors. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of the Royal Astronomical Society. All rights reserved.
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Wiseman, P., Sullivan, M., Frohmaier, C., Vincenzi, M., Graur, O., Popovic, B., Armstrong, P., Brout, D., Davis, T. M., Galbany, L., Hinton, S. R., Kelsey, L., Kessler, R., Lidman, C., Möller, A., Nichol, R. C., Rose, B., Scolnic, D., Toy, M., ... Varga, T. N. (2021). Rates and delay times of Type Ia supernovae in the Dark Energy Survey. Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society, 506(3), 3330–3348. https://doi.org/10.1093/mnras/stab1943

@article{9848890667aa48f9bd66010be518a3d9,

title = "Rates and delay times of Type Ia supernovae in the Dark Energy Survey",

abstract = "We use a sample of 809 photometrically classified Type Ia supernovae (SNe Ia) discovered by the Dark Energy Survey (DES) along with 40 415 field galaxies to calculate the rate of SNe Ia per galaxy in the redshift range 0.2 < z < 0.6. We recover the known correlation between SN Ia rate and galaxy stellar mass across a broad range of scales 8.5 ≤ log (M*/M⊙) ≤ 11.25. We find that the SN Ia rate increases with stellar mass as a power law with index 0.63 ± 0.02, which is consistent with the previous work. We use an empirical model of stellar mass assembly to estimate the average star formation histories (SFHs) of galaxies across the stellar mass range of our measurement. Combining the modelled SFHs with the SN Ia rates to estimate constraints on the SN Ia delay time distribution (DTD), we find that the data are fit well by a power-law DTD with slope index β = −1.13 ± 0.05 and normalization A = 2.11 ± 0.05 × 10−13 SNe M⊙−1 yr−1, which corresponds to an overall SN Ia production efficiency NIa/M∗=0.9 +4.0 −0.7 × 10−3 SNe M−1⊙ NIa/M∗ = 0.9 −0.7+4.0×10−3 SNe M⊙−1⁠. Upon splitting the SN sample by properties of the light curves, we find a strong dependence on DTD slope with the SN decline rate, with slower-declining SNe exhibiting a steeper DTD slope. We interpret this as a result of a relationship between intrinsic luminosity and progenitor age, and explore the implications of the result in the context of SN Ia progenitors.",

keywords = "supernovae: general, white dwarfs, galaxies: evolution, UKRI, STFC, ST/R000506/1",

author = "P. Wiseman and M. Sullivan and C. Frohmaier and M. Vincenzi and O. Graur and B. Popovic and P. Armstrong and D. Brout and Davis, {T. M.} and L. Galbany and Hinton, {S. R.} and L. Kelsey and R. Kessler and C. Lidman and A. M{\"o}ller and Nichol, {R. C.} and B. Rose and D. Scolnic and M. Toy and Z. Zontou and J. Asorey and D. Carollo and K. Glazebrook and Tucker, {B. E.} and Abbott, {T. M. C.} and M. Aguena and S. Allam and F. Andrade-Oliveira and J. Annis and D. Bacon and E. Bertin and D. Brooks and E. Buckley-Geer and Burke, {D. L.} and Rosell, {A. Carnero} and Kind, {M. Carrasco} and J. Carretero and M. Costanzi and Costa, {L. N. da} and Pereira, {M. E. S.} and S. Desai and Diehl, {H. T.} and P. Doel and S. Everett and I. Ferrero and B. Flaugher and P. Fosalba and J. Frieman and J. Garc{\'i}a-Bellido and E. Gaztanaga and T. Giannantonio and D. Gruen and Gruendl, {R. A.} and J. Gschwend and G. Gutierrez and Hollowood, {D. L.} and K. Honscheid and James, {D. J.} and E. Krause and K. Kuehn and N. Kuropatkin and Maia, {M. A. G.} and P. Martini and F. Menanteau and R. Miquel and Ogando, {R. L. C.} and A. Palmese and F. Paz-Chinch{\'o}n and D. Petravick and A. Pieres and Malag{\'o}n, {A. A. Plazas} and Romer, {A. K.} and E. Sanchez and V. Scarpine and M. Schubnell and S. Serrano and I. Sevilla-Noarbe and M. Soares-Santos and E. Suchyta and Swanson, {M. E. C.} and G. Tarle and D. Thomas and C. To and Varga, {T. N.}",

year = "2021",

month = sep,

day = "1",

doi = "10.1093/mnras/stab1943",

language = "English",

volume = "506",

pages = "3330–3348",

journal = "Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society",

issn = "0035-8711",

publisher = "Oxford University Press",

number = "3",

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Wiseman, P, Sullivan, M, Frohmaier, C, Vincenzi, M, Graur, O, Popovic, B, Armstrong, P, Brout, D, Davis, TM, Galbany, L, Hinton, SR, Kelsey, L, Kessler, R, Lidman, C, Möller, A, Nichol, RC, Rose, B, Scolnic, D, Toy, M, Zontou, Z, Asorey, J, Carollo, D, Glazebrook, K, Tucker, BE, Abbott, TMC, Aguena, M, Allam, S, Andrade-Oliveira, F, Annis, J, Bacon, D, Bertin, E, Brooks, D, Buckley-Geer, E, Burke, DL, Rosell, AC, Kind, MC, Carretero, J, Costanzi, M, Costa, LND, Pereira, MES, Desai, S, Diehl, HT, Doel, P, Everett, S, Ferrero, I, Flaugher, B, Fosalba, P, Frieman, J, García-Bellido, J, Gaztanaga, E, Giannantonio, T, Gruen, D, Gruendl, RA, Gschwend, J, Gutierrez, G, Hollowood, DL, Honscheid, K, James, DJ, Krause, E, Kuehn, K, Kuropatkin, N, Maia, MAG, Martini, P, Menanteau, F, Miquel, R, Ogando, RLC, Palmese, A, Paz-Chinchón, F, Petravick, D, Pieres, A, Malagón, AAP, Romer, AK, Sanchez, E, Scarpine, V, Schubnell, M, Serrano, S, Sevilla-Noarbe, I, Soares-Santos, M, Suchyta, E, Swanson, MEC, Tarle, G, Thomas, D, To, C & Varga, TN 2021, 'Rates and delay times of Type Ia supernovae in the Dark Energy Survey', Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society, vol. 506, no. 3, pp. 3330–3348. https://doi.org/10.1093/mnras/stab1943

TY - JOUR

T1 - Rates and delay times of Type Ia supernovae in the Dark Energy Survey

AU - Wiseman, P.

AU - Sullivan, M.

AU - Frohmaier, C.

AU - Vincenzi, M.

AU - Graur, O.

AU - Popovic, B.

AU - Armstrong, P.

AU - Brout, D.

AU - Davis, T. M.

AU - Galbany, L.

AU - Hinton, S. R.

AU - Kelsey, L.

AU - Kessler, R.

AU - Lidman, C.

AU - Möller, A.

AU - Nichol, R. C.

AU - Rose, B.

AU - Scolnic, D.

AU - Toy, M.

AU - Zontou, Z.

AU - Asorey, J.

AU - Carollo, D.

AU - Glazebrook, K.

AU - Tucker, B. E.

AU - Abbott, T. M. C.

AU - Aguena, M.

AU - Allam, S.

AU - Andrade-Oliveira, F.

AU - Annis, J.

AU - Bacon, D.

AU - Bertin, E.

AU - Brooks, D.

AU - Buckley-Geer, E.

AU - Burke, D. L.

AU - Rosell, A. Carnero

AU - Kind, M. Carrasco

AU - Carretero, J.

AU - Costanzi, M.

AU - Costa, L. N. da

AU - Pereira, M. E. S.

AU - Desai, S.

AU - Diehl, H. T.

AU - Doel, P.

AU - Everett, S.

AU - Ferrero, I.

AU - Flaugher, B.

AU - Fosalba, P.

AU - Frieman, J.

AU - García-Bellido, J.

AU - Gaztanaga, E.

AU - Giannantonio, T.

AU - Gruen, D.

AU - Gruendl, R. A.

AU - Gschwend, J.

AU - Gutierrez, G.

AU - Hollowood, D. L.

AU - Honscheid, K.

AU - James, D. J.

AU - Krause, E.

AU - Kuehn, K.

AU - Kuropatkin, N.

AU - Maia, M. A. G.

AU - Martini, P.

AU - Menanteau, F.

AU - Miquel, R.

AU - Ogando, R. L. C.

AU - Palmese, A.

AU - Paz-Chinchón, F.

AU - Petravick, D.

AU - Pieres, A.

AU - Malagón, A. A. Plazas

AU - Romer, A. K.

AU - Sanchez, E.

AU - Scarpine, V.

AU - Schubnell, M.

AU - Serrano, S.

AU - Sevilla-Noarbe, I.

AU - Soares-Santos, M.

AU - Suchyta, E.

AU - Swanson, M. E. C.

AU - Tarle, G.

AU - Thomas, D.

AU - To, C.

AU - Varga, T. N.

PY - 2021/9/1

Y1 - 2021/9/1

N2 - We use a sample of 809 photometrically classified Type Ia supernovae (SNe Ia) discovered by the Dark Energy Survey (DES) along with 40 415 field galaxies to calculate the rate of SNe Ia per galaxy in the redshift range 0.2 < z < 0.6. We recover the known correlation between SN Ia rate and galaxy stellar mass across a broad range of scales 8.5 ≤ log (M*/M⊙) ≤ 11.25. We find that the SN Ia rate increases with stellar mass as a power law with index 0.63 ± 0.02, which is consistent with the previous work. We use an empirical model of stellar mass assembly to estimate the average star formation histories (SFHs) of galaxies across the stellar mass range of our measurement. Combining the modelled SFHs with the SN Ia rates to estimate constraints on the SN Ia delay time distribution (DTD), we find that the data are fit well by a power-law DTD with slope index β = −1.13 ± 0.05 and normalization A = 2.11 ± 0.05 × 10−13 SNe M⊙−1 yr−1, which corresponds to an overall SN Ia production efficiency NIa/M∗=0.9 +4.0 −0.7 × 10−3 SNe M−1⊙ NIa/M∗ = 0.9 −0.7+4.0×10−3 SNe M⊙−1⁠. Upon splitting the SN sample by properties of the light curves, we find a strong dependence on DTD slope with the SN decline rate, with slower-declining SNe exhibiting a steeper DTD slope. We interpret this as a result of a relationship between intrinsic luminosity and progenitor age, and explore the implications of the result in the context of SN Ia progenitors.

AB - We use a sample of 809 photometrically classified Type Ia supernovae (SNe Ia) discovered by the Dark Energy Survey (DES) along with 40 415 field galaxies to calculate the rate of SNe Ia per galaxy in the redshift range 0.2 < z < 0.6. We recover the known correlation between SN Ia rate and galaxy stellar mass across a broad range of scales 8.5 ≤ log (M*/M⊙) ≤ 11.25. We find that the SN Ia rate increases with stellar mass as a power law with index 0.63 ± 0.02, which is consistent with the previous work. We use an empirical model of stellar mass assembly to estimate the average star formation histories (SFHs) of galaxies across the stellar mass range of our measurement. Combining the modelled SFHs with the SN Ia rates to estimate constraints on the SN Ia delay time distribution (DTD), we find that the data are fit well by a power-law DTD with slope index β = −1.13 ± 0.05 and normalization A = 2.11 ± 0.05 × 10−13 SNe M⊙−1 yr−1, which corresponds to an overall SN Ia production efficiency NIa/M∗=0.9 +4.0 −0.7 × 10−3 SNe M−1⊙ NIa/M∗ = 0.9 −0.7+4.0×10−3 SNe M⊙−1⁠. Upon splitting the SN sample by properties of the light curves, we find a strong dependence on DTD slope with the SN decline rate, with slower-declining SNe exhibiting a steeper DTD slope. We interpret this as a result of a relationship between intrinsic luminosity and progenitor age, and explore the implications of the result in the context of SN Ia progenitors.

KW - supernovae: general

KW - white dwarfs

KW - galaxies: evolution

KW - UKRI

KW - STFC

KW - ST/R000506/1

U2 - 10.1093/mnras/stab1943

DO - 10.1093/mnras/stab1943

M3 - Article

SN - 0035-8711

VL - 506

SP - 3330

EP - 3348

JO - Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society

JF - Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society

IS - 3

ER -

Rates and delay times of Type Ia supernovae in the Dark Energy Survey

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