Risk of mortality in HIV-infected COVID-19 patients: a systematic review and meta-analysis

Tafadzwa Dzinamarira; Grant Murewanhema; Itai Chitungo; Bernard Ngara; Sphamandla Josias Nkambule; Roda Madziva; Helena Herrera; Solomon Mukwenha; Diego F. Cuadros; Patrick Gad Iradukunda; Moreblessing Mashora; Nigel Tungwarara; Gallican Nshogoza Rwibasira; Godfrey Musuka

doi:10.1016/j.jiph.2022.05.006

Risk of mortality in HIV-infected COVID-19 patients: a systematic review and meta-analysis

Tafadzwa Dzinamarira^*, Grant Murewanhema, Itai Chitungo, Bernard Ngara, Sphamandla Josias Nkambule, Roda Madziva, Helena Herrera, Solomon Mukwenha, Diego F. Cuadros, Patrick Gad Iradukunda, Moreblessing Mashora, Nigel Tungwarara, Gallican Nshogoza Rwibasira, Godfrey Musuka

^*Corresponding author for this work

Institute of Life Sciences and Healthcare

Research output: Contribution to journal › Literature review › peer-review

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Abstract

Background: The relationship between HIV infection and COVID-19 clinical outcomes remains a significant public health research problem. We aimed to determine the association of HIV comorbidity with COVID-19 mortality.

Methods: We searched PubMed, Google Scholar and World Health Organization library databases for relevant studies. All searches were conducted from 1st to 7th December 2021. Title, abstract and full text screening was conducted following the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses guidelines. The relative risk of mortality in HIV-infected COVID-19 patients was computed using a random-effects model. All analyses were performed using Meta and Metasens statistical packages available in R version 4.2.1 software package. The quality of included studies was assessed using the GRADE approach, Egger's test was employed to determine the risk of bias.

Results: A total of 16 studies were included in this review. Among the COVID-19 patients with HIV infection, the mortality rate due to COVID-19 was 7.97% (4 287/53,801), and among the COVID-19 patients without HIV infection, the mortality rate due to COVID-19 was 0.69% (127, 961/18, 513, 747). In the random effects model, we found no statistically significant relative risk of mortality in HIV-infected COVID-19 patients (RR 1.07, 95% CI 0.86–1.32). The between-studies heterogeneity was substantial (I² = 91%, P < 0.01), while the risk of publication bias was not significant.

Conclusion: Findings did not link HIV infection with an increased risk of COVID-19 mortality. Our results add to the conflicting data on the relationship between COVID-19 and HIV infection.

Original language	English
Pages (from-to)	654-661
Number of pages	8
Journal	Journal of Infection and Public Health
Volume	15
Issue number	6
Early online date	23 May 2022
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jiph.2022.05.006
Publication status	Published - 1 Jun 2022

UN SDGs

This output contributes to the following UN Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs)

SDG 3 Good Health and Well-being

Keywords

AIDS
COVID-19
HIV
meta-analysis
mortality
systematic review

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10.1016/j.jiph.2022.05.006

1-s2.0-S1876034122001265-mainFinal published version, 2.1 MBLicence: CC BY

Cite this

Dzinamarira, T., Murewanhema, G., Chitungo, I., Ngara, B., Nkambule, S. J., Madziva, R., Herrera, H., Mukwenha, S., Cuadros, D. F., Iradukunda, P. G., Mashora, M., Tungwarara, N., Rwibasira, G. N., & Musuka, G. (2022). Risk of mortality in HIV-infected COVID-19 patients: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Journal of Infection and Public Health, 15(6), 654-661. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jiph.2022.05.006

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title = "Risk of mortality in HIV-infected COVID-19 patients: a systematic review and meta-analysis",

abstract = "Background: The relationship between HIV infection and COVID-19 clinical outcomes remains a significant public health research problem. We aimed to determine the association of HIV comorbidity with COVID-19 mortality. Methods: We searched PubMed, Google Scholar and World Health Organization library databases for relevant studies. All searches were conducted from 1st to 7th December 2021. Title, abstract and full text screening was conducted following the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses guidelines. The relative risk of mortality in HIV-infected COVID-19 patients was computed using a random-effects model. All analyses were performed using Meta and Metasens statistical packages available in R version 4.2.1 software package. The quality of included studies was assessed using the GRADE approach, Egger's test was employed to determine the risk of bias. Results: A total of 16 studies were included in this review. Among the COVID-19 patients with HIV infection, the mortality rate due to COVID-19 was 7.97\% (4 287/53,801), and among the COVID-19 patients without HIV infection, the mortality rate due to COVID-19 was 0.69\% (127, 961/18, 513, 747). In the random effects model, we found no statistically significant relative risk of mortality in HIV-infected COVID-19 patients (RR 1.07, 95\% CI 0.86–1.32). The between-studies heterogeneity was substantial (I2 = 91\%, P < 0.01), while the risk of publication bias was not significant. Conclusion: Findings did not link HIV infection with an increased risk of COVID-19 mortality. Our results add to the conflicting data on the relationship between COVID-19 and HIV infection.",

keywords = "AIDS, COVID-19, HIV, meta-analysis, mortality, systematic review",

author = "Tafadzwa Dzinamarira and Grant Murewanhema and Itai Chitungo and Bernard Ngara and Nkambule, \{Sphamandla Josias\} and Roda Madziva and Helena Herrera and Solomon Mukwenha and Cuadros, \{Diego F.\} and Iradukunda, \{Patrick Gad\} and Moreblessing Mashora and Nigel Tungwarara and Rwibasira, \{Gallican Nshogoza\} and Godfrey Musuka",

note = "Funding Information: Not applicable. Publisher Copyright: {\textcopyright} 2022 The Author(s)",

year = "2022",

month = jun,

day = "1",

doi = "10.1016/j.jiph.2022.05.006",

language = "English",

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Dzinamarira, T, Murewanhema, G, Chitungo, I, Ngara, B, Nkambule, SJ, Madziva, R, Herrera, H, Mukwenha, S, Cuadros, DF, Iradukunda, PG, Mashora, M, Tungwarara, N, Rwibasira, GN & Musuka, G 2022, 'Risk of mortality in HIV-infected COVID-19 patients: a systematic review and meta-analysis', Journal of Infection and Public Health, vol. 15, no. 6, pp. 654-661. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jiph.2022.05.006

TY - JOUR

T1 - Risk of mortality in HIV-infected COVID-19 patients

T2 - a systematic review and meta-analysis

AU - Dzinamarira, Tafadzwa

AU - Murewanhema, Grant

AU - Chitungo, Itai

AU - Ngara, Bernard

AU - Nkambule, Sphamandla Josias

AU - Madziva, Roda

AU - Herrera, Helena

AU - Mukwenha, Solomon

AU - Cuadros, Diego F.

AU - Iradukunda, Patrick Gad

AU - Mashora, Moreblessing

AU - Tungwarara, Nigel

AU - Rwibasira, Gallican Nshogoza

AU - Musuka, Godfrey

PY - 2022/6/1

Y1 - 2022/6/1

N2 - Background: The relationship between HIV infection and COVID-19 clinical outcomes remains a significant public health research problem. We aimed to determine the association of HIV comorbidity with COVID-19 mortality. Methods: We searched PubMed, Google Scholar and World Health Organization library databases for relevant studies. All searches were conducted from 1st to 7th December 2021. Title, abstract and full text screening was conducted following the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses guidelines. The relative risk of mortality in HIV-infected COVID-19 patients was computed using a random-effects model. All analyses were performed using Meta and Metasens statistical packages available in R version 4.2.1 software package. The quality of included studies was assessed using the GRADE approach, Egger's test was employed to determine the risk of bias. Results: A total of 16 studies were included in this review. Among the COVID-19 patients with HIV infection, the mortality rate due to COVID-19 was 7.97% (4 287/53,801), and among the COVID-19 patients without HIV infection, the mortality rate due to COVID-19 was 0.69% (127, 961/18, 513, 747). In the random effects model, we found no statistically significant relative risk of mortality in HIV-infected COVID-19 patients (RR 1.07, 95% CI 0.86–1.32). The between-studies heterogeneity was substantial (I2 = 91%, P < 0.01), while the risk of publication bias was not significant. Conclusion: Findings did not link HIV infection with an increased risk of COVID-19 mortality. Our results add to the conflicting data on the relationship between COVID-19 and HIV infection.

AB - Background: The relationship between HIV infection and COVID-19 clinical outcomes remains a significant public health research problem. We aimed to determine the association of HIV comorbidity with COVID-19 mortality. Methods: We searched PubMed, Google Scholar and World Health Organization library databases for relevant studies. All searches were conducted from 1st to 7th December 2021. Title, abstract and full text screening was conducted following the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses guidelines. The relative risk of mortality in HIV-infected COVID-19 patients was computed using a random-effects model. All analyses were performed using Meta and Metasens statistical packages available in R version 4.2.1 software package. The quality of included studies was assessed using the GRADE approach, Egger's test was employed to determine the risk of bias. Results: A total of 16 studies were included in this review. Among the COVID-19 patients with HIV infection, the mortality rate due to COVID-19 was 7.97% (4 287/53,801), and among the COVID-19 patients without HIV infection, the mortality rate due to COVID-19 was 0.69% (127, 961/18, 513, 747). In the random effects model, we found no statistically significant relative risk of mortality in HIV-infected COVID-19 patients (RR 1.07, 95% CI 0.86–1.32). The between-studies heterogeneity was substantial (I2 = 91%, P < 0.01), while the risk of publication bias was not significant. Conclusion: Findings did not link HIV infection with an increased risk of COVID-19 mortality. Our results add to the conflicting data on the relationship between COVID-19 and HIV infection.

KW - AIDS

KW - COVID-19

KW - HIV

KW - meta-analysis

KW - mortality

KW - systematic review

UR - https://www.scopus.com/pages/publications/85134600278

U2 - 10.1016/j.jiph.2022.05.006

DO - 10.1016/j.jiph.2022.05.006

M3 - Literature review

C2 - 35617829

AN - SCOPUS:85134600278

SN - 1876-0341

VL - 15

SP - 654

EP - 661

JO - Journal of Infection and Public Health

JF - Journal of Infection and Public Health

IS - 6

ER -

Risk of mortality in HIV-infected COVID-19 patients: a systematic review and meta-analysis

Abstract

UN SDGs

Keywords

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