Stem cell engineered bone with calcium-phosphate coated porous titanium scaffold or silicon hydroxyapatite granules for revision total joint arthroplasty

Elena García-Gareta, Jia Hua, Faizal Rayan, Gordon W. Blunn

Research output: Contribution to journalArticlepeer-review

Abstract

Aseptic loosening in total joint replacements (TJRs) is mainly caused by osteolysis which leads to a reduction of the bone stock necessary for implant fixation in revision TJRs. Our aim was to develop bone tissue-engineered constructs based on scaffolds of clinical relevance in revision TJRs to reconstitute the bone stock at revision operations by using a perfusion bioreactor system (PBRS). The hypothesis was that a PBRS will enhance mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) proliferation and osteogenic differentiation and will provide an even distribution of MSCs throughout the scaffolds when compared to static cultures. A PBRS was designed and implemented. Scaffolds, silicon substituted hydroxyapatite granules and calcium-phosphate coated porous TiAl6V4 cylinders, were seeded with MSCs and cultured either in static conditions or in the PBRS at 0.75 mL/min. Statistically significant increased cell proliferation and alkaline phosphatase activity was found in samples cultured in the PBRS. Histology revealed a more even cell distribution in the perfused constructs. SEM showed that cells arranged in sheets. Long cytoplasmic processes attached the cells to the scaffolds. We conclude that a novel tissue engineering approach to address the issue of poor bone stock at revision operations is feasible by using a PBRS.

Original languageEnglish
Pages (from-to)1553-1562
Number of pages10
JournalJournal of Materials Science: Materials in Medicine
Volume25
Issue number6
Early online date12 Feb 2014
DOIs
Publication statusPublished - Jun 2014

Keywords

  • Adsorption
  • Animals
  • Bone Substitutes
  • Calcium Phosphates
  • Cell Differentiation
  • Cells, Cultured
  • Coated Materials, Biocompatible
  • Durapatite
  • Equipment Design
  • Equipment Failure Analysis
  • Joint Prosthesis
  • Mesenchymal Stem Cell Transplantation
  • Mesenchymal Stromal Cells
  • Osteogenesis
  • Particle Size
  • Sheep
  • Silicon Compounds
  • Tissue Engineering
  • Tissue Scaffolds
  • Titanium

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