The XMM Cluster Survey: testing chameleon gravity using the profiles of clusters

Harry Wilcox; David Bacon; Robert C. Nichol; Philip J. Rooney; Ayumu Terukina; A. Kathy Romer; Kazuya Koyama; Gong-Bo Zhao; Ross Hood; Robert G. Mann; Matt Hilton; Maria Manolopoulou; Martin Sahlen; Chris A. Collins; Andrew R. Liddle; Julian A. Mayers; Nicola Mehrtens; Christopher J. Miller; John P. Stott; Pedro T. P. Viana

doi:10.1093/mnras/stv1366

The XMM Cluster Survey: testing chameleon gravity using the profiles of clusters

Harry Wilcox, David Bacon, Robert C. Nichol, Philip J. Rooney, Ayumu Terukina, A. Kathy Romer, Kazuya Koyama, Gong-Bo Zhao, Ross Hood, Robert G. Mann, Matt Hilton, Maria Manolopoulou, Martin Sahlen, Chris A. Collins, Andrew R. Liddle, Julian A. Mayers, Nicola Mehrtens, Christopher J. Miller, John P. Stott, Pedro T. P. Viana

Institute of Cosmology & Gravitation

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Abstract

The chameleon gravity model postulates the existence of a scalar field that couples with matter to mediate a fifth force. If it exists, this fifth force would influence the hot X-ray emitting gas filling the potential wells of galaxy clusters. However, it would not influence the clusters' weak lensing signal. Therefore, by comparing X-ray and weak lensing profiles, one can place upper limits on the strength of a fifth force. This technique has been attempted before using a single, nearby cluster (Coma, z=0.02). Here we apply the technique to the stacked profiles of 58 clusters at higher redshifts (0.1 < z < 1.2 ), including 12 new to the literature, using X-ray data from the XMM Cluster Survey (XCS) and weak lensing data from the Canada France Hawaii Telescope Lensing Survey (CFHTLenS). Using a multiparameter MCMC analysis, we constrain the two chameleon gravity parameters (β and φ_∞). Our fits are consistent with general relativity, not requiring a fifth force. In the special case of f(R) gravity (where β =√1/6), we set an upper limit on the background field amplitude today of |f_R0|< 6 × 10⁻⁵ (95% CL). This is one of the strongest constraints to date on |f_R0| on cosmological scales. We hope to improve this constraint in future by extending the study to hundreds of clusters using data from the Dark Energy Survey.

Original language	English
Pages (from-to)	1171-1183
Number of pages	13
Journal	Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society
Volume	452
Issue number	2
Early online date	14 Jul 2015
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1093/mnras/stv1366
Publication status	Published - 11 Sept 2015

Keywords

astro-ph.CO
RCUK
STFC
DB, RN, AKR, KK and ARL are supported by the UK STFC grants ST/K00090/1, ST/K00090/1, STL000652/1, ST/L005573/1 and ST/L000644/1
gravitation
gravitational lensing: weak
X-rays: galaxies: clusters

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10.1093/mnras/stv1366

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This article has been accepted for publication in MNRAS ©: 2015, The Authors. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of the Royal Astronomical Society. All rights reserved.
Final published version, 4.43 MBLicence: Unspecified

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Wilcox, H., Bacon, D., Nichol, R. C., Rooney, P. J., Terukina, A., Romer, A. K., Koyama, K., Zhao, G.-B., Hood, R., Mann, R. G., Hilton, M., Manolopoulou, M., Sahlen, M., Collins, C. A., Liddle, A. R., Mayers, J. A., Mehrtens, N., Miller, C. J., Stott, J. P., & Viana, P. T. P. (2015). The XMM Cluster Survey: testing chameleon gravity using the profiles of clusters. Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society, 452(2), 1171-1183. https://doi.org/10.1093/mnras/stv1366

@article{a25a41901e8440e5834718006aa3bb6e,

title = "The XMM Cluster Survey: testing chameleon gravity using the profiles of clusters",

abstract = "The chameleon gravity model postulates the existence of a scalar field that couples with matter to mediate a fifth force. If it exists, this fifth force would influence the hot X-ray emitting gas filling the potential wells of galaxy clusters. However, it would not influence the clusters' weak lensing signal. Therefore, by comparing X-ray and weak lensing profiles, one can place upper limits on the strength of a fifth force. This technique has been attempted before using a single, nearby cluster (Coma, z=0.02). Here we apply the technique to the stacked profiles of 58 clusters at higher redshifts (0.1 < z < 1.2 ), including 12 new to the literature, using X-ray data from the XMM Cluster Survey (XCS) and weak lensing data from the Canada France Hawaii Telescope Lensing Survey (CFHTLenS). Using a multiparameter MCMC analysis, we constrain the two chameleon gravity parameters (β and φ∞). Our fits are consistent with general relativity, not requiring a fifth force. In the special case of f(R) gravity (where β =√1/6), we set an upper limit on the background field amplitude today of |fR0|< 6 × 10−5 (95% CL). This is one of the strongest constraints to date on |fR0| on cosmological scales. We hope to improve this constraint in future by extending the study to hundreds of clusters using data from the Dark Energy Survey.",

keywords = "astro-ph.CO, RCUK, STFC, DB, RN, AKR, KK and ARL are supported by the UK STFC grants ST/K00090/1, ST/K00090/1, STL000652/1, ST/L005573/1 and ST/L000644/1, gravitation, gravitational lensing: weak, X-rays: galaxies: clusters",

author = "Harry Wilcox and David Bacon and Nichol, {Robert C.} and Rooney, {Philip J.} and Ayumu Terukina and Romer, {A. Kathy} and Kazuya Koyama and Gong-Bo Zhao and Ross Hood and Mann, {Robert G.} and Matt Hilton and Maria Manolopoulou and Martin Sahlen and Collins, {Chris A.} and Liddle, {Andrew R.} and Mayers, {Julian A.} and Nicola Mehrtens and Miller, {Christopher J.} and Stott, {John P.} and Viana, {Pedro T. P.}",

note = "14 pages, 7 figures",

year = "2015",

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day = "11",

doi = "10.1093/mnras/stv1366",

language = "English",

volume = "452",

pages = "1171--1183",

journal = "Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society",

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Wilcox, H, Bacon, D, Nichol, RC, Rooney, PJ, Terukina, A, Romer, AK, Koyama, K, Zhao, G-B, Hood, R, Mann, RG, Hilton, M, Manolopoulou, M, Sahlen, M, Collins, CA, Liddle, AR, Mayers, JA, Mehrtens, N, Miller, CJ, Stott, JP & Viana, PTP 2015, 'The XMM Cluster Survey: testing chameleon gravity using the profiles of clusters', Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society, vol. 452, no. 2, pp. 1171-1183. https://doi.org/10.1093/mnras/stv1366

TY - JOUR

T1 - The XMM Cluster Survey

T2 - testing chameleon gravity using the profiles of clusters

AU - Wilcox, Harry

AU - Bacon, David

AU - Nichol, Robert C.

AU - Rooney, Philip J.

AU - Terukina, Ayumu

AU - Romer, A. Kathy

AU - Koyama, Kazuya

AU - Zhao, Gong-Bo

AU - Hood, Ross

AU - Mann, Robert G.

AU - Hilton, Matt

AU - Manolopoulou, Maria

AU - Sahlen, Martin

AU - Collins, Chris A.

AU - Liddle, Andrew R.

AU - Mayers, Julian A.

AU - Mehrtens, Nicola

AU - Miller, Christopher J.

AU - Stott, John P.

AU - Viana, Pedro T. P.

N1 - 14 pages, 7 figures

PY - 2015/9/11

Y1 - 2015/9/11

N2 - The chameleon gravity model postulates the existence of a scalar field that couples with matter to mediate a fifth force. If it exists, this fifth force would influence the hot X-ray emitting gas filling the potential wells of galaxy clusters. However, it would not influence the clusters' weak lensing signal. Therefore, by comparing X-ray and weak lensing profiles, one can place upper limits on the strength of a fifth force. This technique has been attempted before using a single, nearby cluster (Coma, z=0.02). Here we apply the technique to the stacked profiles of 58 clusters at higher redshifts (0.1 < z < 1.2 ), including 12 new to the literature, using X-ray data from the XMM Cluster Survey (XCS) and weak lensing data from the Canada France Hawaii Telescope Lensing Survey (CFHTLenS). Using a multiparameter MCMC analysis, we constrain the two chameleon gravity parameters (β and φ∞). Our fits are consistent with general relativity, not requiring a fifth force. In the special case of f(R) gravity (where β =√1/6), we set an upper limit on the background field amplitude today of |fR0|< 6 × 10−5 (95% CL). This is one of the strongest constraints to date on |fR0| on cosmological scales. We hope to improve this constraint in future by extending the study to hundreds of clusters using data from the Dark Energy Survey.

AB - The chameleon gravity model postulates the existence of a scalar field that couples with matter to mediate a fifth force. If it exists, this fifth force would influence the hot X-ray emitting gas filling the potential wells of galaxy clusters. However, it would not influence the clusters' weak lensing signal. Therefore, by comparing X-ray and weak lensing profiles, one can place upper limits on the strength of a fifth force. This technique has been attempted before using a single, nearby cluster (Coma, z=0.02). Here we apply the technique to the stacked profiles of 58 clusters at higher redshifts (0.1 < z < 1.2 ), including 12 new to the literature, using X-ray data from the XMM Cluster Survey (XCS) and weak lensing data from the Canada France Hawaii Telescope Lensing Survey (CFHTLenS). Using a multiparameter MCMC analysis, we constrain the two chameleon gravity parameters (β and φ∞). Our fits are consistent with general relativity, not requiring a fifth force. In the special case of f(R) gravity (where β =√1/6), we set an upper limit on the background field amplitude today of |fR0|< 6 × 10−5 (95% CL). This is one of the strongest constraints to date on |fR0| on cosmological scales. We hope to improve this constraint in future by extending the study to hundreds of clusters using data from the Dark Energy Survey.

KW - astro-ph.CO

KW - RCUK

KW - STFC

KW - DB, RN, AKR, KK and ARL are supported by the UK STFC grants ST/K00090/1, ST/K00090/1, STL000652/1, ST/L005573/1 and ST/L000644/1

KW - gravitation

KW - gravitational lensing: weak

KW - X-rays: galaxies: clusters

U2 - 10.1093/mnras/stv1366

DO - 10.1093/mnras/stv1366

M3 - Article

SN - 0035-8711

VL - 452

SP - 1171

EP - 1183

JO - Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society

JF - Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society

IS - 2

ER -

The XMM Cluster Survey: testing chameleon gravity using the profiles of clusters

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Keywords

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