Thoracican cirripedes (Crustacea) from the Kimmeridgian of Brunn and Nusplingen (southern Germany), and their bearing on the origin of calanticid and scalpellid barnacles

Well-preserved thoracican cirripedes attached to ammonite shells from the Kimmeridgian Solnhofen-type Lagerstätten of southern Germany are here ascribed to the zeugmatolepadid Martillepas hollisi (Withers, 1928), which was originally described from the Tithonian Kimmeridge Clay of southern England. New details of capitular construction, particularly the number, morphology and arrangement of the lateral plates, are available from this material. These enable Martillepas to be placed in a phylogeny and identified as sister taxon to the Cretaceous to present-day family Calanticidae. Poorly preserved phosphatic-shelled specimens attached to perisphinctid ammonites are referred to the eolepadid Toarcolepas sp. The palaeoecology of the Kimmeridgian material is discussed; it is confirmed that the cirripedes attached to living ammonites and that larval settlement occurred throughout the life history of the ammonites.