Understanding the “implementation gap” to improve biodiversity governance: an interdisciplinary literature review

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Abstract

The loss of biodiversity across the planet emerged as a global problem in the 1960s. The UN Conference on the Human Environment held in Stockholm in 1972 addressed this issue with a declaration, the first international action plan and the establishment of the United Nations Environment Programme. Since then, numerous institutional instruments have been adopted at the international level but biodiversity loss has continued unhalted worldwide. The conservation of biodiversity is a collective action problem that is affected by issues of governance. Multilateral environmental agreements are vital for biodiversity conservation but their implementation still remains a challenge. A better understanding of this process (with its enablers and hindrances in national and subnational contexts) is needed especially now that a new Global Biodiversity Framework has just been adopted. Theories about policy implementation have been numerous but there has been little dialogue across disciplines. Since the rich theoretical progress that has been made has a value for the practice, this article analyses the major analytical contributions about implementation to shed light on the journey that international institutions undertake after their adoption in global political arenas. With this focus, the articles not only want to contribute to analytical reflections on the flaws of the past, but also inform the implementation of the new Framework
Original languageEnglish
Article numbere240009
Number of pages20
JournalJournal of Sustainability Research
Volume6
Issue number2
DOIs
Publication statusPublished - 16 Apr 2024

Keywords

  • biodiversity governance
  • implementation
  • international regimes
  • public policy
  • Global Biodiversity Framework

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